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The world
A jungle where only the law of the strongest holds?
A mosaic of compatible cultures? A lonely planet undergoing a climate
change that leaderships are ignoring? A volcano just before a global
democratic revolution? Surely, an interesting place to observe,
interpret, understand, manage, and change.
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Contents
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| Essay:
Hierarchy structures in world trade
A new technique of analysis of trade values reveals the asymmetric
structure of relationships among countries. The structure of world
trade is characterised by bilateral absence of relations
(82%) and dominance (40% in non-absent relationships), weak
dominance (of two types: 24% and 22% respectively), whereas
symmetric integration is just the 6% of non-absent relationships.
Essay
Data
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| Essay:
World leadership: a survey of opinions
U.S. is unquestionably perceived to be the leading world power,
and is followed at a distance by China; however U.S. will lose its
currently undisputed role as the number one world power by the year
2020. This is the opionion of a large sample of citizens in Brazil,
China,Germany, France, the United Kingdom, India, Japan, Russia
and the U.S. which give answers on key issues of the future.
Full
text
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| Essay:
Climate change: the facts
Hundreds of major scientists at the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change have been working on climate change
assessment on three fields: the assessment of the scientific evidence
of the threat, the evaluation of impact and the mitigation strategy.
Here you are the summary results of their evidence-based, consensus-based
reports, which have been the reason for the Nobel Prize 2008 to
be given to IPCC.
The scientific evidence of the threat: Report
released on 2 February 2007
The
evaluation of impact: Report
Mitigation of Climate Change: Report
Earlier
judgements: the 2001 Executive summary report
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| Essay:
The decisions taken at the Bali Conference on climate change
(Dec. 2007)
Responding to the findings of the Fourth Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change that warming
of the climate system is unequivocal, and that delay
in reducing emissions significantly constrains opportunities to
achieve lower stabilization levels and increases the risk
of more severe climate change impacts
Recognizing that deep cuts in global emissions
will be required to achieve the ultimate objective of the
Convention and emphasizing the urgency to address climate change
as indicated in the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change,
The Conference of the Parties decides to launch
a comprehensive process to enable the full, effective and sustained
implementation of the Convention through long-term cooperative action,
now, up to and beyond 2012.
Bali
action plan
Web
page with further PDF to download
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| Essay:
Climate change and behavioural economics
The standard economic approach to climate change policy, with its
almost exclusive emphasis on rational responses to monetary incentives,
is seriously flawed. The new paradigm in economics shed light on
how to cope with climate change. Humans are unique among animal
species in their ability to cooperate across cultures, geographical
space and generations. Tapping into this uniquely human attribute,
and understanding how cooperation is enforced, holds the key to
limiting the potentially calamitous effects of global climate change.
Essay
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| Essay:
How market-based mechanisms for carbon emission trading work
The Kyoto Protocol opened the opportunity of launching new markets.
The carbon marketplace in Europe has developed more rapidly and
robustly than many observers expected. The 2005 totals represent
322 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e)—almost
a 40-fold increase over the
previous years’ volumes.
In addition to the robust trading on European exchanges, the new
international marketplace has triggered significant investments
in Clean Development Mechanisms projects in developing nations.
The result is a flow of investment
dollars into economies that need it, and direct dividends in the
form of carbon credits to the investing countries or companies.
As of June 2006, more than 1,000 projects were in the CDM pipeline,
including a large number of renewable energy
projects.
Essay
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| Essay:
Solving global problems by global networks
International
networks of politicians, scientists, civil society to tackle difficult
global problems, rating official and real policies of nation states
and private firms. A challenging proposal by J-F. Rischard in an
interview to OpenDemocracy.
Essay
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| Essay:
Climate change from the point
of view of business
The insurance and re-insurance industry has key
data to evalutate the costs of climate change. SwissRe, a major
re-assurance firm, has been monitoring climate change for years.
Qualitative
Report
2004
Hurricane season
2006
report: The Effects of Climate Change - Storm Damage in Europe on
the Rise
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| Economic
data: Human development index (162 countries)
Rich
reports of reflections and data.
2001
2004
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Economic
data: Assessing the sustainability of the world
Link
to data and tools
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Economic
data: World Economic and Social Survey by UN
Yearbooks
from 1998 to 2007
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| Essay:
Reinventing UNCTAD
In
the dialectics among international organization as WTO, World Bank,
ILO, etc. UNCTAD could find a new role.
Essay
from the South Centre
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Economic
data: The shadow economy: an estimation for 145 economies
PDF
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Economic
data: Worldwide quality-of-life index (2005)
PDF
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| Economic
data: Long-term macroeconomic data for 136 countries and 42 years
The
most user-friendly distribution of the main international database
on GDP components (consumption,
investment, public
expenditure and net exports)
for 136 countries and 42 years. Excellent for international comparisons,
long-term growth enquiries and business cycle analysis, since it
provides real values at constant prices comparable over time and
countries.
MS
Excel
MS
Access
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| Map:
Global air pollution map Image
file
Explanation
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Map:
Global population density map
Image
file
Explanation
and country by country maps
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Map:
Atlas of a changing planet
+100
sites as they are now and as they were
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| Essay:
Human rights respect reports
2004
- US opinion on all countries in the world, except US
2004
- China's opinion on US respect of human rights
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| Essay:
UN Global ecosystems assessment report (2005)
A
lot of data and theses over the present and the future, represented
in four main scenarios:
Global Orchestration –
This scenario depicts a globally connected society that focuses
on global trade and economic liberalization and takes a reactive
approach to ecosystem problems but that also takes strong steps
to reduce poverty and inequality
and to invest in public goods such as infrastructure and education.
Economic growth in this scenario is the highest of the four scenarios,
while it is assumed to have the lowest population in 2050.
Order from Strength – This scenario represents
a regionalized and fragmented world, concerned with security and
protection, emphasizing primarily regional markets, paying little
attention to public goods, and taking a reactive approach to ecosystem
problems. Economic growth rates are the lowest of the scenarios
(particularly low in developing countries) and decrease with time,
while population growth is the highest.
Adapting Mosaic – In this scenario, regional
watershed-scale ecosystems are the focus of political and economic
activity. Local institutions are strengthened and local ecosystem
management strategies are common; societies develop a strongly proactive
approach to the management of
ecosystems. Economic growth rates are somewhat low initially but
increase with time, and population in 2050 is nearly as high as
in Order from Strength.
TechnoGarden – This scenario depicts a globally
connected world relying strongly on environmentally sound technology,
using highly managed, often engineered, ecosystems to
deliver ecosystem services, and taking a proactive approach to the
management of ecosystems in an effort to avoid problems. Economic
growth is relatively high and accelerates, while population in 2050
is in the mid-range of the scenarios.
No scenario represents business as usual, although
all begin from current conditions and trends.
Essay
[6.6 MB] Other
assessments
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| Debate
site:
World
cities management
City Mayors examines and illustrate how city
mayors, and others who govern metropolitan areas, develop innovative
solutions to long-standing urban problems such as housing, transport,
education and employment, but
also how they meet the latest environmental, technological, social
and security challenges which affect the well-being of their citizens.
Link
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| Debate
site:
How to approach difficult conflicts in the world
Beyond intractability of political, ethnical
and economic conflicts.
Link
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| Essay:
Innovative global funding sources for Millennium Development
Goals
In order to achieve the Millennium Development
Goals, substantial additional external funding needs to be mobilized.
Estimates differ, but a ‘ballpark’ figure is an
annual increase of US$50 billion. This could be achieved by a doubling
of official development assistance (ODA). Welcome steps have been
made in that direction, but
this takes time, and time is of the essence. For this reason alone,
it is necessary to consider new sources.
In the paper the authors consider seven new sources:
• Global environmental taxes (carbon-use tax);
• Tax on currency flows (the ‘Tobin tax’);
• Creation of new Special Drawing Rights (SDRs);
• International Finance Facility (IFF);
• Increased private donations for development;
• Global lottery and global premium bond; and
• Increased remittances from emigrants.
Essay
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| Economic
data: Real world elasticity in
144 countries - Price elasticities and income elasticities of consumption
classes (food and non-food) - Food share on household budget
MS
Excel
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Economic
data: Exports, imports, trade balances for 181 countries - a time-series
Absolute figures,
shares in world trade, rankings.
MS
Excel
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Economic
data: 2004 Labour market levels
and trends in all countries of the world: employment
and unemployment in the general
population, the youth, the women
MS
Excel [1200 KB]
Economic
data analysis: Skilled
and unskilled wages in a globalizing world, 1968-1998
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| Economic
data: Capital stock: a time-series
by country
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Economic
data: How the world is coping with its main challenges according
to 2004 GGI judgement and data
PDF
[1000 KB]
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Economic
data: World energy demand and supply 2006
PDF
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| Economic
data: Inflation rates for 170 countries (1970-1996)
Yearly
dynamics of inflation is presented
in one sheet. Is price stability a common feature of the world economies?
Is hyperinflation a disease that hurts some groups of countries
more than others? Discover the answers to these and many other macroeconomics
questions just analysing the real data.
MS
Excel
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Map:
Global atlas of human impact on the planet
PDF
directory
Explanation
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| Essay:
Complexity meets development - A Felicitous Encounter on
the Road of Life
Essay
The
whole number of Interdisciplinary
Description of Complex Systems where the paper appeared first.
Economic
data: 93 Food products prices in 198 countries (1985-2001)
The
price of sugar, milk, meat and many more foodstuffs. Ideal to compare
price structures over countries and time. By transforming these
local-currency data in dollars, you can test the "one
price law", according to which any good has the same price worldwide,
after taken into account nominal
exchange rates. Comparing with world
wages, you get the real purchasing power of people in food terms.
MS
Excel
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| Economic
data: Gender
statistics from all over the world
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| Economic
data: World trade statistics
2000
2004
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| Economic
data: Origins and destinations in world
trade - Trade flows over time
MS
Excel
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| Economic
data: Population
forecast for all countries in the world (total, urban, rural, density,...)
as well as a complete 2004
State of the World population (health, indicators,...)
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| Economic
data: Historical
data about population, GDP and per-capita GDP in all countries of
the world since centuries ago
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| Essay:
State of the World 2003
The Worldwatch Institute provides compelling,
accessible, and fact-based analysis of critical global issues, with
a special attention to the environment.
Its flagship publication is this report, whose edition of 2003
can be downloade for free from the following page:
Essay
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| Economic
data: Environmental respect data: the number of ISO14000 certified
firms in 98 countries - a time-series MS
Excel
|
| Economic
data: Composition of public expenditure
(education, health, defence...) - 69 countrie (1975-1985)
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| Essays:
World trends
A collection of world change trends in economy,
society, cultures.
Essays
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| Economic
data: Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by source of funds
in 71 countries
MS
Excel
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| Economic
data: The presence and employment of SMEs
in 119 countries
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| Economic
data: AIDS / HIV worldwide: a time-series
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| Economic
data: Health and
disease statistics worldwide
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Economic
data: Telephone calls country by country: a long time series
Minutes of conversation at the phone between couple of countries
(193 available nations) from 1983 to 1995.
MS
Excel
Reference
site |
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Economic
data: Comparable wages for 162 jobs in 132 countries
The
MS Excel file with a user-friendly interface of the excellent dataset
by Freeman - Oostendorp. Long-term
time-series from 1983 to 1999. This data set allows for comparison
of wages across countries for the
same job, over time, underlining the differences between skilled
and unskilled works.
MS
Excel [2.9
MB]
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| Economic
data: Productivity
in 99 countries (1950-2000)
Direct link to Groningen Growth and Development
Centre and The Conference Board, Total Economy Database, February
2004, at http://www.ggdc.net, where you'll find a lot of useful
industry and macro data.
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| Economic
data: World primary commodity prices (54 time series) - Agricolture
Raw Materials, Metals (e.g. Zinc, Iron, Aluminium, Copper), Fertilizers,
Petroleum, Natural Gas, etc. (1980-2001) MS
Excel
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| Economic
data: Health and
disease statistics worldwide
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| Book:
Economic
Democracy; The Political Struggle for the 21st Century
In
this book, Dr.
J.W. Smith states that IMF/World Bank structural adjustments
continually lowers the wages of weak nations and thus exponentially
increases the transfer of their wealth to the imperial-centers-of-capital.
Instead of increasing the wages of the poorly-paid to the level
of the well-paid, the wages of the well-paid are being lowered to
the level of the low-paid.
Four primary rules and 15 subsidiary rules of Democratic Cooperative
Capitalism are presented as alternatives for quickly developing
the world and alleviating poverty.
Book
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Economic
data: Cocoa beans world prices (1971 - 2001)
MS
Excel [5
KB]
|
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Economic
data: Coffee world prices (1982 - 2000)
Look
at the difference in prices for consumers in importing countries
and for growers in exporters country. Seasonality analysis feasible,
since they are monthly data.
MS
Excel [80
KB]
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| Essay:
Energy technologies for the 21st century
A comparative study about different energy
technological progress by WEC.
Essay
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| Essay:
2004 World Population report
Not
only numbers but also reflections on poverty
alleviation, women’s rights and universal access to reproductive
health.
Essay
Site
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Economic
data: Updated macroeconomic and industrial data for all over the
world An
excellent source of analyses and data, aimed at expressing country
risk rating evaluations.
Site
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| Essay:
The State of the World's Children (2005)
Essay
Statistical
data
Links
to international political data: Current
election results all over the world
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| Links
to international data: World
data (1926-1944)
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